Consequently, climate change, air contamination, and energy security issues are rising as well. 1 Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 2. They are the only entity (public or private) in France with the expertise and test facilities allowing for efficient and quiet propellers design, in an iterative process with the contractors in charge of the propeller’s manufacturing. Hydrodynamics Prof. P.N.Joubert Under Contract to Maritime Platforms Division Platforms Sciences Laboratory DSTO-TR-1622 ABSTRACT… Efremov 1 , E.M. Milanov 1. DEF(AUST)5000 Vol 9 Pt 3 Issue 1 Submarine Stability (UNCLASSIFIED) DEF(AUST)5000 Vol 3 Pt 3 Issue 1 Propulsion Performance (UNCLASSIFIED) DEF(AUST)5000 Vol 3 Pt 7 Issue 1 Ship Manoeuvrability Requirements and Analysis (UNCLASSIFIED) Joubert, Prof. P. N., 2004, Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. 3. hydroplanes submarine. 1. One is the increase in the use of nuclear power which has Birthday: standards.A groundbreaking technical analysis of yacht design based on cutting edge research in the field of aero-hydrodynamics.The Twenty-Second Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics was held in Washington, D.C., from August 9-14, 1998. This paper investigates the influence of the forebody of a projectile-shaped model without appendages and propulsion system in a submerged condition. This paper presents some of the equations of the bare hull form of the submarines. Summary. The four stern appendages are identical and have a NACA 0018 section with an aspect ratio of 1.2. The sail has a NACA 0014 section with an aspect ratio of 0.27. Some important factors to consider when designing a submarine are stealth and manoeuvrability; and drag plays a fundamental part in both of these areas. The amount of hydrodynamic drag governs the size and power output of the propulsion system required, which in turn determines the size of the rest of the vessel. Design of overall hydrodynamic shape, is an important start point of submarine design process, specially in hydrodynamics and general arrangement. Plumes really require more knowledge of spherical 3D hydrodynamics of very viscous fluids than we currently have because some work on this done I think with levitated hot metal and the results were partly unexpected. Download eBooks from Booktopia today. [14] P. N. Joubert, “Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. Some aspects of submarine design. Part 2. DTIC ADA428039: Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. A simplified tool would work too, where I select a general geometry, then input the dimensions and speed, and get the drag force. Hydrodynamics.pdf, 微盘是一款简单易用的网盘，提供超大免费云存储空间，支持电脑、手机 等终端的文档存储、在线阅读、免费下载、同步和分享是您工作、学习、生活 的必备工具！ The power lines attached to the sub will not affect to roll or pitch of the submarine. The water flow is laminar. Spanning nearly every aspect of society — from designing new jet airplanes to treating diseases — advanced research computing is the backbone for research, discovery and innovation. Authors defined fluid mechanics in different ways: (1) Fluid mechanics is a study of properties of liquids and fluids; fluid statics and kinematics; forces and energy momentum in fluids flows; fluid flows in weirs and flow in pipe (King et al. Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 2. A landmark paper on submarine design was pre- sented by Arentzen and Mandel (1961). (2004), Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1 Hydrodynamics, DSTO Platforms Sciences Laboratory, Australia. Moonesun M, Korol Y, Dalayeli H. CFD Analysis on the Bare Hull Form of Submarines for Minimizing the Resistance. The first was by the Germans at the end of World War II when they produced the Type 21, which could have upset the balance in the U-Boat campaign if it had arrived earlier. Some aspects of submarine design. of new developments in computational methods and model testing techniques relating to marine design and development. Practical Ship … The second was by the US Navy with … The principal geophysical and astronomical studies carried out in the Soviet Union as part of the scientific program in support of the project for manned space flight are described. With a strong focus on essential background … Some aspects of submarine design. Currently, all ocean energy technologies except tidal range can be … Shape of a Submarine 2026 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In about the year 2026, the present class of Australian submarines, the Collins class, will be approaching obsolescence. Design Assumptions 1. Two appendices at the last part of the book address the suppliers and resources for trailering laws in USA and Canada. The first of these, the traditional program that leads to the bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering, is a more structured program that prepares students for a broad range of career choices in the field of mechanical engineering. Most concept design is done within the confines of confidential establishments and therefore not made public. Part 1, Hydrodynamics (U) / P.N. cataldo ambulance covid vaccine Testen Sie unsere Gratis-Demoversion. Engineering. the book covers the fundamental principles governing offshore engineering structural design, as well as drilling operations, procedures, and equipment. Aero-hydrodynamics of Sailing This book covers specific aspects of submarine hydrodynamics in a very practical manner. Read Online Solution Manual Of Marine Hydrodynamics Newman and development. Share to Facebook. The interplay between these aspects of design is given particular attention, and a final chapter is devoted to the generation of the concept design for the submarine as a whole. Joubert, P. N. “Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1—Hydrodynamics, and Part 2—Shape of Submarine.” Defense Science and Technology Organisation Technical Report DSTO-TR-1622, October 2004 and December 2006. The first of It is assumed the role of the submarine would be little different from the current vessel but may be powered… Expand Joubert and M.S. Hydrodynamics, DSTO Platforms Sciences Laboratory Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 2. 10-15 minutes on Saturday, 30th May, 2020 between 00:01h and 04:00h CEST. 2. Some laws teach the need for prudence (“Law 1: Never Outshine the Master”), others teach the value of confidence (“Law 28: Enter Action with Boldness”), and many recommend absolute self-preservation (“Law 15: Crush Your Enemy Totally”). Google Scholar Download as a *.csv A - Medicine and Dentistry A100 Pre-clinical medicine Vocational science of preventing, diagnosing, alleviating or curing disease in homo sapiens. The reasons for each detailed portion of the shape are explained. The machinery, the structure, communications, sensors, weaponry will need updating and replacing and the hull structure will have reached. Share to Reddit. Share to Twitter. In Part 2, you'll discover the impressive facilities used everyday by DGA-TH engineers. Orcaflex applies line theory considers line elements and lumped mass at each section nodes, as shown in Figure 11a–c. He was 93 years old. 1.7 Stress Tensor - MIT OpenCourseWare Our solutions enable analysis of vessel hydrodynamics at full scale, and under realistic operating conditions. Joubert (2004) reported the concepts essential for hydrodynamic design of a submarine. hydroplanes submarine. 1) “Submarine Hydrodynamics” b y Martin Renils on, SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology, New York Dordrecht London, 2015. (2021) A numerical study of fractional linear algebraic systems. JACS 3.0 was introduced in 2012/13. The model is an axisymmetric body with a sail and four stern appendages. Hydrodynamics ... To neglect full scientific studies would be a serious mistake in the design of any future replacement submarine. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals 79:4, 165-188. A useful background to the stability and control of submarines and other underwater vehicles is given by Rawson and Tupper [9.17] and Burcher and Rydill [9.18].9.2.2 Design procedure and data. This book covers specific aspects of submarine hydrodynamics in a very practical manner. Casing The casing of a submarine is a light metal structure, usually incorporating a deck, built-up and-over the upper surface of the vessel's ... (2004),Some aspects of submarine design: part 1: Hydrodynamics,Australian Department of Defence. 1 Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamics Centre, Varna, Bulgaria. at least 1 number, 1 uppercase and 1 lowercase letter; not based on your username or email address. These resulted from full scientif ic studies of all the problems. VII. , Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 2. [1] Joubert, P.N, 2004. The principles of submarine geometry are outlined in this chapter, covering those terms which are not common to naval architecture, such as: axisymmetric hull; sail; aft body; fore body; control surfaces; casing; and propulsor. The information obtained by satellites, space probes, and geophysical rockets was used to design manned satellites and space vehicles. 2014).Ocean energy is renewable and depends on … 436–463. Shape of a Submarine 2026 Prof. P. N. Joubert 1 1 University of Melbourne Defence Science and Technology Organisation DSTO TR 1920 ABSTRACT A shape for a next generation submarine has been drawn based on a survey of available knowledge. I'm reading Submarine Hydrodynamics by Martin Renilson, where he writes "For a typical submarine the total submerged pressure resistance does not exceed 10–20% of the skin friction resistance. The interplay between these aspects of design is given particular attention, and a final chapter is devoted to the generation of the concept design for the submarine as a whole. I was therefore somewhat stunned when my 1996 submarine technology assessment study found that the Navy’s technology base in ship hydrodynamics (for submarines at least, arguably with the possible exception of the propulsor area) was weak if not non-existent, lacking support, and virtually bereft of bold, forward-looking research initiatives. The focus of this article is on the added frictional resistance in the deck wetness condition. This is the SpellCHEX dictionary for online spell checking. We begin with a brief overview of the evolution of submarine designs in the U.S. Navy. Hydrodynamics And Motion Control authored with Professor Fossen. The author reviews basic concepts of ship hydrodynamics and goes on to show how they are applied to submarines, including a look at the use of physical model experiments. For submarine hoses, the element type that it also applied is lines. In this project you will design a parabolic antenna. Submarine shape design is strictly depended on the hydrodynamic characteristics such as other marine vehicles and ships. The submarine requirement with effective hull is designed for diving with long time under the sea, and it equipped by the periscope and torpedo for war [1]. 1-2 Compressible Flamelet Model with Thickened Flame Closure in an All-Speed Combustion Solver Siddharth S. Thakur , Ocean energy technology should be endorsed and given due importance to increase adoption that ultimately leads to global ocean energy marketplaces (Badcock-Broe et al. Introduction. Corpus ID: 107810600. Quite a good paper is "Some Aspects of Submarine Design" by Prof. P. N. Joubert of Australia's Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO), consisting of Part 1: Hydrodynamics and Part 2: Shape of a Submarine 2026. Some of the striking changes include: A more streamlined shape, more like a "teardrop" than a replica of a surface ship. design of a new submarine and how we organized the various technical skills into competency groups for our analysis. The book is intended for The word sea is also used to denote second-order sections of the sea, such as the Mediterranean Sea, as well as certain large, entirely landlocked, saltwater lakes, such as the Caspian Sea.. Yannick Smaldore 20 Nov 2019. Renilson M. Submarine Hydrodynamics. It coincided with the 100th anniversary of the David Taylor Model Basin. The main objectives of the study is to investigate the effect of the different simulation methods and to demonstrate the feasibility of using DES and LES on relatively coarse grids for submarine flows, but also to discuss some generic features of submarine hydrodynamics. Use a virtual towing tank to examine any flow or performance aspect such as hull resistance, self-propulsion, maneuvering, vessel acceleration, or appendage shape, and alignment. The shapes and locations of the four ap- pendages were deliberately made to differ from real submarines. Read more about ships here. 1. Keller (1994, 2000) published new scaling laws for predicting cavitation inception. This separation, as mentioned earlier, is bad for the hydrodynamics of the body and increases the form drag. This is an important factor in submarine hydrodynamics and therefore there has been a lot of research into the best design of exterior surfaces which delay the flow separation when the velocity of the body increases. Course objectives The Bachelor of Maritime Engineering (Specialisation) (Honours), is a distinctive Maritime Engineering degree and the only of its kind in the Southern hemisphere. This paper has collected the most famous of these equations that are common practice in real naval submarines and ROVs. International Journal of Maritime Technology. ... DTIC ADA428039: Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. The interplay between these aspects of design is given particular attention, and a final chapter is devoted to the generation of the concept design for the submarine as a whole. 2015;3(2):1–16. Learn more here. 7. Joubert, P.N. This paper has collected the most famous of these equations that are common practice in real naval submarines and ROVs. DSTO-TR-1622 Some Aspects of Submarine Design - Part 1 Hydrodynamics [Loose Leaf Edition] Part 1, Hydrodynamics (U) / P.N. Hydrodynamics,” Aus tralia Defence Science and Technology Organisation, DSTO- TR -1622, 2004. Melbourne, Australia: Defence Science and Technology Organisation Kelvin, W. (1871). Buy the eBook Concepts in Submarine Design, Cambridge Ocean Technology Series : Book 2 by Roy Burcher online from Australia's leading online eBook store. VIII. In designing topsides three major requirements has been fulfilled. Part 1. Some Aspects of Submarine Design – Part 2 Stability Booklet of a Vessel Added Masses of Ship Structures Specification: 2200 TEU Container Vess el Some Aspects of Submarine Design Ships and Naval Architecture. Details of the hydrodynamic aspects of the design of these control surfaces are given in Chap. From the results, the model with nf = 2.75 was the … Password confirm. 3- National University of Shipbuilding Admiral Makarov (NUOS), Department of Hydrodynamics, Ukraine 4- MUT, Department of Marine Engineering,Shahinshahr, Iran . canton ohio crime rate 2021. studio flat wardian london; lesson of the evil: prologue watch online; peloton gen 4 release date; has michael corrado jackson been married before Generation of energy across the world is today reliant majorly on fossil fuels. Hydrodynamics Item Preview remove-circle Share or Embed This Item. The aim of the design is to produce a submarine with minimum practical resistance and with minimum water flow noise especially over the forward passive sonar while still carrying out all its normal functions. The design of the hoses is based on simple beam theory, and later using Orcaflex line theory in Orcaflex version 11.0f [127,128,129]. New chapters on hydrodynamic aspects of ship vibrations and hydrodynamic options for fuel efficiency, and increased coverage of simple design estimates of hydrodynamic quantities such as resistance and wake fraction. The term formerly was applied to sailing vessels having three or more masts; in modern times it usually denotes a vessel of more than 500 tons of displacement. 6. Simplified calculations for steel renewal and typical total required volume of steel have been presented. The second part includes common challenges of deep water oil and gas engineering as well as beach (shallow) oil engineering, submarine pipeline engineering, During ordinary riding, it will show peculiarities, for example, chain stretching and stuff crushing, and so on At the point when the chain and sprocket are exhausted, they should be supplanted on schedule, any other way they will show peculiarities, for example, … Shape of a Submarine 2026, Technical Report DSTO-TR-1920, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Australia. Introduction There are some rules and concepts about submarines and submersibles shape design. Previous paper - Contents - Next paper. Propulsion: DGA Hydrodynamics is in charge of all the French Navy combat ships and submarines propellers design. 1. self-expression activities for adults Testen Sie unsere Gratis-Demoversion. This book deals with only the hydrodynamics aspects of submarines, and a knowledge of ship hydrodynamics is assumed. 1. SA 26-21. DOI: 10.12716/1001.13.02.09. prizes are awarded for achievements in specific areas of submarine design, such as Launch and Recovery, Use of Composite Materials and Safety; this upholds the competition's objective to foster advances in subsea vehicle technology. Concepts of hydrodynamics, structure, powering and dynamics are explained, in addition to architectural considerations which bear on the submarine design process. The present results have some relevance for the design of new submarine design concepts. What excites you about your career? Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. DSTO-TR-1622 Some Aspects of Submarine Design - Part 1 Hydrodynamics [Loose Leaf Edition] [P. N. Joubert] on Amazon.com. Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 2. Melbourne, Australia: Defence Science and Technology Organisation Joubert, P. (2006). Some Aspects of Submarine Design – Part 2 Stability Booklet of a Vessel Added Masses of Ship Structures Specification: 2200 TEU Container Vess el Some Aspects of Submarine Design Ships and Naval Architecture. This paper presents some of the equations of the bare hull form of the submarines. Hull design aspects Many papers have been presented on the subject of submarines, but there has been very little on the basic design process, Arentzen and Mandel (1961), Jackson (1992). This list may be helpful to decipher some of the more common journal abbreviations. Hydrodynamics. The oceans of the earth represent a vast source of renewable energy. The interplay between these aspects of design is given particular attention, and a final chapter is devoted to the generation of the concept design for the submarine as a whole. Hydrodynamics of DARPA SUBOFF Submarine at Shallowly Immersion Conditions. Hydrodynamics}, author= {P. N. Joubert}, year= {2004} } P. Joubert. {{Citation | title=Some aspects of submarine design. The PPTs and seminar reports are some of the most popular for the particular topics on SlideShare.Read the … Type A submarine Its bow array is a cylindrical array, positioned in the upper part of … SSPA has been involved in hydrodynamic development work for submarines since 1940 and has significant experience in submarine hydrodynamic design. My job has primarily focused on marine aspects of these platforms, including marine transportation, platform installation, offshore mooring design and installation, marine tow, as well as hull design and construction. Modern hull design submarine, 1960s. This book adopts a practical approach and presents recent research together with applications in real submarine design and operation. The Department of Mechanical Engineering (MechE) offers three programs of undergraduate study. Page 33 of Part 1 is particularly well written and enlightening on the subject of the sail. Design of overall hydrodynamic shape, is an important start point of submarine design process, specially in hydrodynamics and general arrangement. DGA Hydrodynamics: inside the largest hydrodynamic test facility in Europe – Part 2. Concepts 1980). This book deals with only the hydrodynamics aspects of submarines, and a basic knowledge of ship hydrodynamics is assumed. The principles of submarine geometry are outlined in this chapter, covering those terms which are not common to naval architecture, such as: axisymmetric hull; sail; aft body; fore body; control surfaces; casing; and propulsor. Ocean energy technology (OET) has several beneficial aspects like economic progress, supply security, and reduction of CO 2 emissions. **PLEASE SCROLL TO THE BOTTOM OF THE PAGE FOR SERVICE INFORMATION AND DIRECTIONS** Professor Marshall Peter Tulin died peacefully in his sleep at home in Santa Barbara, California, by his daughter's side, on Saturday, August 31, at 9:45 a.m. The machinery, the structure, communications, sensors, weaponry will need updating and replacing and the hull structure will have reached the To actually break think continental lithosphere probably requires some extra assistance though. The same holds for separating aspects. The sea, connected as the world ocean or simply the ocean, is the body of salty water that covers approximately 71 percent of the Earth's surface. Shape of a submarine 2026. Note: Whenever the luminaries and the biggest of planets, Jupiter, are in aspect to another planet, a liberal orb of 2 more for major aspects, and 1 for minor aspects should be allowed. Part I has some four chapters on the Joubert | author1=Joubert, P. N. (Peter Numa), 1924-2015 | author2=Defence Science and Technology Organisation (Australia) Platforms Sciences Laboratory | year=2004 | publisher=DSTO Platforms Sciences Laboratory | language=English }} Due to the parallel middle-body shape in most of the naval submarines, those with cylindrical middle-body are studied here. Once a neutral buoyancy is obtained with the MTT's, the depth of the boat can be changed using the speed of the boat and the angle of the dive planes. "Part of Cambridge University Press's Ocean Technology Series, this book explores the many engineering and architectural aspects of submarine design. Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. desired storage capacity. Some of the MTT tanks can however be emptied using pressurized air to get a quick blow in case of an emergency. The author reviews basic concepts of ship hydrodynamics and goes on to show how they are applied to submarines, including a look at the use of physical model experiments. Submarines consist of two major categories of hydrodynamic shape: the teardrop shape and the cylindrical middle-body shape. There are some 240 cited references – an invaluable resource for interested readers. This requirement was considered as a design problem and military submarines, where a large number of crew members had to live together for a long time, were chosen as the subject of study. “Some Aspects of Submarine Design”, Part 1. Topics covered include hydrostatics, manoeuvring, resistance and propulsion of submarines. Shape of a Submarine 2026 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In about the year 2026, the present class of Australian submarines, the Collins class, will be approaching obsolescence. These resulted from full scientific studies of all the problems. by ; The main innovations of the present thesis are as follows,1. pigeon life cycle stages. The commercial steady RANS code, ANSYS Fluent, was used to conduct the simulations, and the forebody was varied based on the Hull Envelope equation. Concepts of hydrodynamics, structure, powering and dynamics are explained, in addition to architectural considerations which bear on the submarine design process. 12. Designing the submarine. @inproceedings {Joubert2004SomeAO, title= {Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. Shape of a Submarine 2026 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In about the year 2026, the present class of Australian submarines, the Collins class, will be approaching obsolescence. There is urgent need for understanding the basis and concepts of shape design. For a submarine, the centre of buoyancy B lies above the centre of gravity G. When trimmed by an angle θ there is a restoring moment ΔBGθ. Both are semi-submersible floating production facilities in more than 1500 meters of water. The water density is distributed evenly around the submarine underwater. Includes such areas as Anatomy, Physiology, Pharmacy and Nutrition which can be specialisms in their own right. Design is shown to be like a jigsaw puzzle where altering one piece requires alterations in all surrounding features to make a workable complete design. Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 2. Since that time, some major developments have taken place that impact on the ability to conduct feasibility studies of submarines. An efficient alternative to this grave hazard is the speedy substitution of fossil fuel-based carbon … 2 Submarines models studied 2.1 Type A submarine The first submarine considered in this paper will be referred as “ Type A ” and has the following characteristics: Fig. Every law, though, has one thing in common: an interest in total domination. 89, No. The burning of these fuels is growing in line with the increase in the demand for energy globally. Chong; Les sous-mariniers / Jean-Jacques Antier Some background 2/4 Influence of some general hull parameters key work at David Taylor Model Basin GERTLER, M. (1950), Resistance experiments on a systematic series of streamlined bodies of revolution - for application to the design of high-speed submarines, DTMB Report C … Particular attention is given to the interplay between aspects of hydrodynamics, structure and propulsion, and many examples of concept design algorithms are provided. A Soil and Water Conservationist is part scientist, part educator, and part environmentalist. This paper has collected the most famous of these equations that are common practice in real naval submarines and ROVs. In addition, forward and aft control surfaces are required to control the boat, as discussed in Chap. Lack of a full-length surface deck (only a small bridge remains). This paper presents some of the equations of the bare hull form of the submarines. 1 By design, we mean the creative activity encompassing naval … In Part 1 of this article, we introduced the DGA Techniques hydrodynamiques, its missions and the numerous programs it is involved in. USVs are always in competition with other manned or unmanned systems in terms of some specific applications (Savitz et al., 2013).Table 2 provides a brief comparison of these systems, and following advantages of USVs can be identified: (1) USVs can perform longer and more hazardous missions than manned vehicles; (2) maintenance costs are lower and … In general, ocean energy can be divided into six types of different origin and characteristics: ocean wave, tidal range, tidal current, ocean current, ocean thermal energy, and salinity gradient , , .. Study the following chart. Old hull design submarine, 1940s. They pay particular attention to the interplay among these aspects of design, and devote a final chapter to the generation of the concept design for the submarine as a whole. New chapters on hydrodynamic aspects of ship vibrations and hydrodynamic options for fuel efficiency, and increased coverage of simple design estimates of hydrodynamic quantities such as resistance and wake fraction. Hydrodynamics Executive Summary The history of submarines subsequent to the first truly operational vessel, Holland, launched in 1899, showed two significant advances as opposed to steady incremental developments. The machinery, the structure, communications, sensors, weaponry will need updating and replacing and the hull structure will have reached the All submarines sailing at less than 165 feet need to have excellent depth control.11 There a submarine can maneuver in a water column of only two to three ship lengths.12 At periscope depth, it has to operate around a keel depth of 50 to 65 feet, depending on the sea state and periscope and mast extension. Compute Canada awards more than $71 million in advanced computing competition to support world-class innovation and research. Review of research on sail hydrodynamic noise and control technology: ZHANG Wenwen 1,2, XU Rongwu 1,2: 1. (Report DSTO-TR-1622). Published 1 October 2004. These are some of the emerging technologies in the field of Mechanical Engineering ME.Engineering and technical students from Mechanical Engineering Branch can select and download the relevant reports with effective Powerpoint Presentation PPTs. The sail generally has a detrimental effect on the hydrodynamic performance of the submarine. Hemsley, R. “HVAC Considerations for Small SSK Submarine Design.” Shape of a Submarine 2026 Created: 15/12/06 [online] Available: ... hydrodynamics. III MOO 19-53 VE 19-37 JU 11-30. Design of overall hydrodynamic shape, is an important start point of submarine design process, specially in hydrodynamics and general arrangement. hydroplanes submarine. Michlet is a computer workbench that can be used for investigations into some aspects of ship hydro-dynamics. 48, No. 5, pp. Karwowski, W. (2005), “Ergonomics and Human Factors: The Paradigms for Science, Engineering, Design, Technology, and Management of Human-Compatible Systems,” Ergonomics , Vol.
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